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Glossary of Terms

The section of the beach normally exposed to the action of the wave uprush. Also referred to as the foreshore of a beach.

Salinity Gradient

Change in salinity which can be expressed in parts per thousand per foot.

Lost Beaches

Lost beaches lack a recreational beach, and lateral shoreline access is very difficult if not impossible.

Groundwater

Water that occupies pores and crevices in rock and soil, below the surface of the Earth. The upper limit of the groundwater is the water table, whose level varies according to the quantity of water entering and extracted from the groundwater. (See also aquifers).

Hard Defenses

General term applied to impermeable coastal defense structures of concrete, timber, steel, masonry, etc, which reflect a high proportion of incident wave energy.

Wave Height

The vertical distance between a crest and the preceding trough.

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