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Glossary

Glossary of Terms

Uprush

The rush of water up the foreshore following the breaking of a wave, also called swash or run up.

Outcrop

A surface exposure of bare rock, not covered by soil or vegetation.

Greenhouse Gases

Gases that trap heat radiating from the Earth's surface, thereby warming the lower atmosphere.

Sand

Sediment particles, often largely composed of quartz, with a diameter of between 0.062mm and 2mm, generally classified as fine, medium, coarse or very coarse. Beach sand may sometimes be composed of organic sediments such as calcareous reef debris or shell fragments.

Upland

Dry land area above and landward of the ordinary high water mark (ohwm).

Often used as a general term to mean high land far from the coast and in the interior of the country.

Overwash

Transport of the sediment landward of the active beach by coastal flooding during a tsunami, hurricane, or other event with extreme waves.

The part of the uprush that runs over the crest of a berm of a structure and does not flow directly back to the ocean or lake.

The effects of waves overtopping a coastal defence, often carrying sediment landwards which is then lost to the beach system.

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